International Journal of Community Service (IJCS)

Implementation of Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) Through Ancient Tombs of Sultan Barumun Era to Enhance Historical Thinking Skills of MAN Barumun Students: A Qualitative Analysis

Burhanuddin Burhanuddin, Bincar Nasution — Wed, 26 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This qualitative research examines the implementation of Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) through the ancient tombs and historical sites of the Sultan Barumun era to enhance historical thinking skills among students at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) Barumun. Involving 50 students, 3 history teachers, 4 community guides, and 2 school administrators, the study employed mixed qualitative methods including structured observations (8 sessions), semi-structured interviews (7 participants), focus group discussions (2 sessions with 30 students), document analysis, student learning journals (weekly reflections), and site visits over a four-month period. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis with open and axial coding procedures to identify patterns in student engagement, understanding, and skill development. Results revealed significant improvements in students' historical thinking skills across six dimensions: source analysis and interpretation (7-student increase to Proficient level), historical contextualization (7-student increase), causation and chronological reasoning (16-student increase), evidence-based argumentation (Advanced category achievement), perspective recognition (38 students in Advanced category), and synthesis and conceptualization (1-student progression to Proficient level). Thematic analysis identified six primary themes: enhanced critical engagement (23 occurrences), deepened historical understanding (28 occurrences), active participation and agency (31 occurrences), emotional connection to heritage (26 occurrences), collaborative learning dynamics (29 occurrences), and implementation challenges (17 occurrences). The study demonstrates that IBL through culturally significant historical sites effectively develops students' capacity for historical thinking while fostering emotional connections to local Islamic heritage and regional identity..

Technical guidance on the use of Sengon and Jabon Logging Waste as Renewable Fuel to increase the Economic Value of the Andalambe Village Forest Farmers Group, Konawe, Indonesia

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The International Collaborative Community Service Program, conducted by the Forestry Study Program of the Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Sciences in collaboration with the University of Technology of Mara, Malaysia, aims to: Provide training on utilizing sengon/jabon wood waste (harvested) by converting it into wood pellets as a renewable energy source; and Increase the economic value of community forests by improving the quality of primary wood and creating value-added products from waste. This community service activity is implemented through outreach and practical training on making wood pellets from sengon/jabon waste, introducing the potential of wood waste as a renewable energy source. Techniques for collecting, drying, and shredding wood waste, as well as the process of molding the shredded waste into pellets, are also covered. After this activity, community forest farmer groups can utilize and convert previously unused waste from sengon and jabon felling into wood pellet products. Environmental benefits include more sustainable forest management and reduced wood waste, which can otherwise pollute the environment. The expected benefits for the partner (UiTM) include applying existing knowledge and technology in the context of international community service and strengthening collaborative networks.

Utilization of Local Resource Feed For Balinese Cattle

Fri, 09 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This community service activity is carried out as a form of academic contribution to enhance the knowledge and skills of the community, especially the Kelompok Ternak Amerta Sari in Kesiut Village, in processing and preserving local resources as alternatives for livestock feed, particularly for Bali cattle. The issues faced by farmers in this area include limited availability of fresh feed, especially during the dry season, and the suboptimal use of local feed materials such as straw, turi leaves, and other agricultural waste. Through this activity, the service team provides training and guidance in feed processing techniques such as fermentation, silage, and the production of complete feed based on local resources. The methods used include counseling, technical demonstrations, and hands-on practice together with the farmer group members. The results of this activity show an increase in the understanding and skills of the community in preserving and processing livestock feed.

Integration of Tropical Disease Screening in Reproductive Health Services at Amplas Community Health Center, North Sumatra

Wed, 21 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Tropical diseases remain important determinants of reproductive health in endemic regions; However, screening for these infections is rarely integrated into reproductive health services at the primary care level. This fragmentation contributes to low early detection and an increased risk of complications among women of reproductive age. This community service program aims to develop and implement an integrated model for tropical disease screening within reproductive health services at Puskesmas Amplas, Medan City. The program employed a pre–post intervention design involving women of reproductive age (15–49 years) selected through stratified random sampling. The intervention included clinical screening, health education, and the strengthening of referral and integrated recording systems. The results demonstrated a significant increase in early detection coverage and participants' knowledge, with a substantial proportion of respondents identified as having previously undetected risk factors for tropical diseases. Implementation of the integrated service model also enhanced the capacity of primary healthcare providers in delivering promotional and preventive services. These findings indicate that integrating tropical disease screening into reproductive health services is an effective and scalable approach to strengthening primary healthcare systems in endemic areas and improving community reproductive health outcomes.

Training and Mentoring for Strengthen Brand Identity for MSMEs/WUBs Koperasi Bunda Sejahtera

Suharyati ,, Kery Utami, Dea Delia Lestari — Sat, 24 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Strengthening brand identity is a key strategy to enhance SME competitiveness, particularly for New Entrepreneurs (WUB) at the early stages of business development. This community service activity aims to improve the knowledge and skills of WUB members of the Bunda Sejahtera Cooperative, Depok, in creating innovative products, designing effective and informative labeling, and developing market-oriented packaging. The implementation method included interactive lectures, discussions, and hands-on practice in producing a “Café-style Herbal Drink” based on traditional herbs, complemented with modern label and packaging design training. Twenty participants joined the program, dominated by the culinary sector (50%), with capital under Rp 10 million (55%), monthly turnover below Rp 5 million (75%), and social media use limited mainly to WhatsApp (100%). Evaluation was conducted through validity and reliability tests of the questionnaire (SPSS 23) and frequency distribution analysis. All indicators were valid (r > 0.444; p < 0.05) and reliable (Cronbach’s Alpha 0.709–0.797). The average understanding level reached 85%, categorized as “Highly Understand” for Brand Identity, Innovative Products, and Packaging (86%), and “Understand” for Labeling (80%). Practical implementation of innovative product creation reached 86%, surpassing the 65% target. The program resulted in improved knowledge, skills, product health quality, and potential income for partners. This initiative aligns with SDGs 1, 3, 8, 9, 12, and 17, and supports higher education KPI 5. The results show that training integrating theory and practice effectively enhances SME/WUB branding capacity sustainably.

Pap Smear Examination as a Strategy for Prevention and Early Detection of Cervical Cancer at the HKBP Jatisampurna Church, Bekasi

Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Cervical cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among women, particularly in developing countries, largely due to late diagnosis and low participation in early screening programs. Limited knowledge and awareness regarding cervical cancer and Pap smear examinations contribute significantly to delayed detection. This community service activity aimed to increase the knowledge and awareness of the congregation of HKBP Jatisampurna Church, Bekasi, regarding the importance of early detection of cervical cancer through Pap smear examinations. The activity was conducted using interactive educational counseling followed by free Pap smear examination services. Educational sessions covered cervical cancer risk factors, prevention strategies, and the procedures and benefits of Pap smear screening. A total of 50 female congregation members participated in the activity and voluntarily underwent Pap smear examinations. The results demonstrated an improvement in participants’ knowledge and understanding of cervical cancer and the importance of early detection through Pap smear screening. In addition, there was an increased willingness and participation of congregation members in undergoing Pap smear examinations, indicating positive behavioral changes toward preventive health practices. In conclusion, educational counseling combined with direct Pap smear services effectively increased awareness and participation in cervical cancer screening among the HKBP Jatisampurna Church congregation. This community service activity represents a strategic approach to cervical cancer prevention and early detection and highlights the importance of community-based interventions in promoting women’s reproductive health

Empowering Parent Communities through "Rumah Literasi Digital": Technology-Based Supervision Training and Learning Mentorship in High-Density Residential Areas

Mon, 02 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This qualitative study examines the effectiveness of a community-based digital literacy intervention—Rumah Literasi Digital (Digital Literacy House)—in empowering parents to supervise their children's digital learning in high-density residential neighborhoods. Through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with 32 parents and 8 educators from four community learning centers (CLCs) in Jakarta over an eight-month period, we applied Braun and Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis to explore how technology-integrated training programs foster parental empowerment across three dimensions: resource empowerment, critical awareness, and relational empowerment. Findings demonstrate that structured digital parenting interventions significantly enhance parents' capacity to identify and access digital resources, develop critical consciousness about technology risks, and strengthen family communication about online activities. Thematic analysis revealed five overarching themes: (1) Knowledge Construction and Digital Competency Development, (2) Critical Consciousness Formation, (3) Relational Networks and Peer Support, (4) Family Communication Enhancement, and (5) Systemic Barriers and Implementation Challenges. The study contributes evidence-based insights into community-based approaches for addressing the digital divide in resource-constrained urban contexts and offers actionable recommendations for integrating digital parenting literacy into non-formal education frameworks in Indonesia.

Strengthening Media Literacy In Personal Data Protection And Understanding Online Loan Fraud Modes

Tue, 03 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The low level of media literacy among Indonesian communities, combined with the rapid growth of digital media use, has increased public vulnerability to various online risks, particularly illegal online lending practices, digital hoaxes, and personal data misuse. This program aims to analyze the effectiveness of the community outreach initiative “Smart Digital: Protect Your Personal Data and Understand Online Loan Scam Mechanisms” in enhancing public awareness and critical understanding of digital risks. The program was conducted in two sessions using interactive lectures, case-based discussions, simulation activities, and the introduction of the digital verification platform intelligent.digital, involving 56 participants from vulnerable community groups. The evaluation employed a pre-test and post-test design to measure changes in participants' cognitive and psychological aspects. The results indicate a significant improvement in participants' ability to distinguish between legal and illegal online lending services, identify digital hoaxes, and recognize the importance of personal data protection. In addition, participants demonstrated increased risk awareness and proactive behavior in verifying information before making digital decisions. These findings confirm that media literacy is not merely theoretical knowledge, but a fundamental competence required to strengthen public resilience in navigating an increasingly complex and manipulative digital information environment.

Digital Core Tax Literacy in Milkfish MSMEs

Made Dudy Satyawan, Aisyaturrahmi, Lintang Venusita — Thu, 05 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The implementation of Core Tax, which officially came into effect in Indonesia in January 2025, is part of the tax reform to create a modern, integrated, and digital-based tax administration system. However, the implementation of this system still faces various challenges, especially for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) that have limited digital literacy and tax understanding. This community service activity aims to improve digital tax literacy and tax compliance of MSMEs in the milkfish processing industry center in Gresik Regency, with UD Multi Sarana Niaga (“Bandeng Mentari”) as a partner. The implementation method includes identifying partner needs, socializing the latest tax regulations, assisting in the use of the Core Tax application, and developing a practical guide module for managing Core Tax for MSMEs. The results of the activity indicate an increase in partner understanding of tax regulations, operational capabilities in using the Core Tax system, and the alignment between commercial and fiscal financial reporting. In addition, this activity raises awareness among MSMEs regarding the role of tax in national development and business sustainability. This program is also strengthened through international dissemination with Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep (Thailand) which is aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) point 9 on industry, innovation, and infrastructure.

Restrictions on the Right to Freedom of Expression in Public from the Perspective of Rule of Law

Edi Sofwan — Thu, 12 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Freedom of expression is a foundational human right and a core precondition for democratic governance, transparency, and public participation. Nevertheless, international and domestic legal orders consistently recognize that this right is not absolute and may be restricted under certain conditions. This article conducts a qualitative, normative–juridical analysis of restrictions on the exercise of freedom of expression in public, examined through the lens of the rule of law. Drawing on international human rights instruments, particularly Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and its “three-part test”, as well as constitutional and statutory norms in Indonesia, the article develops a set of rule-of-law-based criteria for assessing the legitimacy of restrictions. Qualitative doctrinal analysis is combined with thematic examination of case law, statutory frameworks, and critical commentary. The findings show a persistent tension between justified, narrowly tailored limitations and broader, vague or disproportionate restrictions that risk converting the rule of law into “rule by law”. The article concludes by proposing normative benchmarks and practical safeguards to ensure that any limitations on public expression remain compatible with democratic constitutionalism and the rule of law..

Integrating Machine Learning into Portfolio Optimization: A Hybrid ARIMA–GARCH Predictive Model with Genetic Algorithm

Andreas P Peranginangin — Mon, 16 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This article proposes a hybrid quantitative framework that integrates statistical time‑series modeling and evolutionary machine learning for portfolio optimization. The approach combines an ARIMA–GARCH model to jointly estimate conditional mean and volatility of asset returns with a Genetic Algorithm (GA) that searches for optimal portfolio weights on the basis of model‑implied return–risk profiles. The study adopts a secondary‑data quantitative design, synthesising evidence from prior empirical applications of ARIMA–GARCH forecasting and GA‑based portfolio optimization in equity markets, including the S&P500 index and Indonesian LQ45 constituents. Descriptive analysis confirms strong volatility clustering and leptokurtosis in daily stock index returns, justifying the use of GARCH‑type volatility models. Empirical results from the literature show that hybrid ARIMA–GARCH models significantly outperform standalone ARIMA and buy‑and‑hold strategies in terms of forecasting error and risk‑adjusted performance, while GA‑optimized portfolios achieve superior risk–return trade‑offs compared with traditional mean–variance optimization. These findings support the conceptual integration of ARIMA–GARCH forecasts and GA‑based allocation as a promising direction for portfolio construction, particularly in emerging markets such as Indonesia. The article concludes with implications for portfolio managers, regulators, and higher‑education curricula in quantitative finance and data‑driven investment.

Empowering Adolescent Health Cadres through Peer Counselor Training to Prevent Early Marriage in Village X

Fatimah Fatimah, Rahma Juliani Siregar, Maryam Latifah Harahap — Tue, 17 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Early marriage remains a critical public health and social problem in many Indonesian rural areas and is closely related to low reproductive health literacy, gender norms, and limited access to youth‑friendly information and services. Peer‑based approaches are increasingly recognized as effective in changing adolescents’ knowledge and attitudes regarding early marriage and reproductive health. This quantitative study aimed to analyze the effect of peer counselor training on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescent health cadres toward early marriage prevention in Village X. A quasi‑experimental one‑group pretest–posttest design was applied to 30 adolescent health cadres selected through purposive sampling. The intervention consisted of a structured peer counselor training program on reproductive health, risks of early marriage, communication skills, and basic counseling techniques. Knowledge and attitudes were measured using validated questionnaires before and four weeks after the training. Data were analyzed using paired t‑test or Wilcoxon test according to distribution assumptions. The results showed a statistically significant increase in mean knowledge and attitude scores after training, indicating improved cognitive and affective readiness of adolescent cadres to act as peer counselors. These findings support strengthening community‑based adolescent health promotion through systematic empowerment of peer counselors to prevent early marriage in rural settings.

Literacy in Digital Reproductive Health: Analysis of Sexual Violence Prevention Among Adolescents in Padangsidempuan City, Indonesia

Elvi Suryani — Tue, 17 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Adolescents in Indonesia increasingly navigate a digitized environment where online and offline risks to sexual and reproductive health intersect. Padangsidimpuan City in North Sumatra has a predominantly young population, yet little evidence exists on how digital reproductive health literacy can be leveraged to prevent sexual violence. This qualitative study adopts a narrative review and document-based content analysis to synthesize empirical and conceptual literature on digital health literacy, adolescent reproductive health education, and sexual and technology-facilitated gender-based violence in Indonesia, with a specific focus on implications for Padangsidimpuan. Data sources include peer‑reviewed journals, government statistics, and policy and NGO reports. The analysis identifies four major themes: (1) rapid digitalization and youth demographics as a double-edged sword, (2) persistent gaps in reproductive health literacy and taboo-laden communication, (3) the high and evolving burden of sexual and online gender-based violence among adolescents, and (4) digital reproductive health literacy as a promising but underutilized strategy for primary prevention. A multi-level framework is proposed, emphasizing the roles of schools, families, health services—especially midwives—and local government in strengthening adolescents’ critical, safe, and rights-based engagement with digital reproductive health information. The findings inform context-sensitive strategies for Padangsidimpuan and highlight priorities for future local qualitative research

The Implementation of Financial Management and Digital Marketing for Urban Village MSMEs in Enhancing Business Competitiveness

Dede Dahlan, Wahyu Anugrah Manippi, Iwan Subandi, Andi Andi, Rahmat Jaya — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

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A Development Model Of Promotional Strategy, Brand Equity, And Product Innovation Influencing Purchase Intention: A Case Study Of Nata De Coco MSMEs In North Minahasa Regency, Indonesia

Silvya Lefina Mandey, Victor Paskah Kalawat Lengkong, Jenny Emma Agustin Kandou — Sun, 01 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Research on promotional strategies, brand equity, product innovation, and purchase intention in marketing is a crucial area of study. This research aims to enhance marketing strategies, particularly for MSMEs producing nata de coco in North Minahasa Regency, in supporting and improving their business processes. The study utilizes a sample drawn from the population. Given the large size of the population and the impracticality of studying the entire group, a sample size of 100 respondents was selected, meeting the minimum requirements for sampling. This research employs a causal associative approach to analyze the relationships among variables, both simultaneously and partially. The variables examined in this study include: promotional strategy (X1), measured through indicators such as promotional messages, promotional media, and timing (Kotler & Keller, 2016); brand equity (X2), measured by brand awareness, perceived quality, brand association, and brand loyalty; and product innovation (X3), with indicators including transactional interest, referential interest, preferential interest, and exploratory interest. The results of the study indicate that promotional strategies, brand equity, and product innovation have both partial and simultaneous (combined) effects on the purchase intention of nata de coco MSME products in North Minahasa Regency.

Strengthening Elementary School Teachers’ Digital Competence through AI-Based Instructional Design Training in Indonesia’s 3T Regions

Wed, 08 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This quantitative study investigates the effectiveness of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based instructional design training program in strengthening the digital competence of elementary school teachers in Indonesia’s frontier, outermost, and underdeveloped (3T) regions. Education quality and access in 3T regions remain constrained by geographical isolation, limited infrastructure, and uneven professional development opportunities for teachers. Building on the European Digital Competence Framework for Educators (DigCompEdu) and its six areas of educator digital competence, the study designed a structured training program that introduced teachers to generative AI tools for lesson planning, resource development, and assessment. A one-group pretest–posttest design was implemented with 120 elementary school teachers from several 3T districts. Data were collected using a Likert-scale digital competence questionnaire adapted from DigCompEdu and analyzed with descriptive statistics and paired-sample t-tests. Findings show statistically significant improvements in teachers’ overall digital competence scores across all six DigCompEdu areas, with the largest gains in “Teaching and learning” and “Facilitating learners’ digital competence.” The results indicate that contextually grounded AI-based instructional design training can be an effective strategy to narrow digital competence gaps between teachers in peripheral and non-peripheral regions. Implications for policy, teacher professional development, and further research on AI-supported pedagogy in disadvantaged contexts are discussed.

Improving Corn Processing Skills For Women Corn Farmers In Warbo Village, Arso 7 District, West Arso, Keerom Regency, Papua

Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Corn is an important commodity in Keerom Regency, especially in Arso District, which is one of Indonesia's corn production centers. Several corn production centers in Indonesia include Jayapura Regency (Nimbokrang), Keerom-Arso Regency, and Jayapura City (West Koya). The problems are 1) corn utilization is limited to consumption or sale in the market to supplement family income; 2) lack of information about corn-based product diversification in Warbo-Arso 7 Village, West Arso District, Keerom Regency due to a lack of technological information and limited community knowledge and skills regarding corn product diversification Based on the above issues, the specific objectives of this community service activity are: 1) to introduce high-value corn-based food products to the people of Kampung Warbo and 2) to train corn-farming mothers and young women to process various types of corn-based food products. The community service method that will be used in this training consists of five stages, namely 1) Preparation; 2) Counseling; 3) Brief practice; 4) Assistance; and 5) Evaluation. The evaluation of activities was conducted before and after implementation, namely through interviews and questionnaires filled out by participants. Based on the results of the post-test on corn processing, 85% of participants were able to understand and absorb the material on corn processing. After the training, 90% of participants were skilled in processing corn flour, corn milk, and corn-based noodles. Then, participants can understand and practice creative and innovative ways of packaging corn products.

Keywords: Corn, milk, noodles, skills, flour

Implementation of Peer Group Support to Improve Mental Health and Resilience in Adolescents Post-Online Learning in Public High Schools

Sat, 25 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The transition from emergency remote learning to in-person schooling following the COVID-19 pandemic has left Indonesian high school students confronting substantial mental health vulnerabilities, including elevated stress, anxiety, and diminished resilience. This study investigated the effectiveness of a structured peer group support intervention in improving mental health outcomes and resilience among adolescents in a public senior high school (SMA Negeri) context. Employing a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group design, the research involved 218 students (110 in the intervention group, 108 in the control group) from a state high school in East Java, Indonesia. The intervention group participated in an eight-week peer support program comprising weekly group sessions, psychoeducation modules, and guided peer interactions, while the control group received standard school guidance services. Mental health was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and resilience was measured with the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Data were collected at pre-test, post-test, and an eight-week follow-up, and analyzed using independent and paired sample t-tests, repeated measures ANOVA, and ANCOVA. Results indicated that the intervention group exhibited statistically significant improvements in mental health (reductions in depression, anxiety, and stress) and resilience scores compared to the control group, with medium to large effect sizes (ηp² ranging from .09 to .24). The findings demonstrate that peer group support represents a culturally congruent, scalable, and cost-effective strategy for addressing post-pandemic mental health challenges in Indonesian secondary education settings. The study underscores the critical role of peer relationships in adolescent psychological well-being and provides an evidence-based framework for integrating peer support programs into national school health initiatives.

Implementation of a Profit Website and Introduction of IoT Technology to Support Business Decision-Making for MSMEs in Plaosan Village

Sat, 25 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Digital transformation in the agricultural Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector is crucial for enhancing the economic competitiveness of rural communities. Plaosan Village in Malang Regency, a producer of Mount Kawi coffee, faces challenges in financial management and agronomic efficiency. This community service program aims to: (1) implement the “Hitung Profit Kopi” web application (https://indowhiz.com/kopikawi) as a Decision Support System (DSS) for calculating farming profitability; and (2) introduce Internet of Things (IoT) concepts for post-harvest quality control. The program consisted of needs assessment, website design and testing, hands-on training on website use, and lectures plus demonstrations of an IoT prototype. Evaluation used short pre- and post-tests, satisfaction questionnaires, and observation of participants’ engagement during practice sessions. The results show that participants were able to operate the profit website, input their own business data, and interpret the calculated outputs. Furthermore, participants’ understanding of IoT and its potential applications increased, as indicated by improved post-test scores and feedback. This program represents an initial step towards the digital transformation of MSMEs in Plaosan Village through data-driven business management.

Legal Assitance and Legal Literacy Enhancement for Victims of Termination of Employment in Efforts to Expand Access to Justice

Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Termination of Employment (PHK) in Indonesia has escalated significantly, with over 88,519 cases recorded in 2025 alone, yet many victims remain unaware of their legal rights and are unable to navigate complex dispute resolution mechanisms. This study examines the role of legal assistance programs and legal literacy enhancement initiatives in expanding access to justice for PHK victims within a specific Indonesian district. Employing a qualitative socio-legal research methodology, this study conducted in-depth interviews with twenty-five (25) PHK victims, ten (10) legal aid providers, five (5) government officials from the local Manpower Office, and three (3) trade union representatives, complemented by document analysis and observation of mediation proceedings. The findings reveal that a significant majority of PHK victims (84%) possessed low to moderate levels of legal literacy regarding their statutory entitlements, including severance pay (pesangon), long-service awards (UPMK), and compensation for rights (UPH). Furthermore, 92% of respondents encountered substantial barriers to accessing justice, including prohibitive legal costs, procedural complexity, and geographic isolation from Industrial Relations Courts. Legal assistance provided by Legal Aid Institutions (LBH) and university legal clinics demonstrably improved the likelihood of PHK victims securing their rights, with assisted victims being 3.2 times more likely to obtain a favorable settlement or court ruling. However, the study also identifies critical challenges, including the limited capacity of legal aid organizations and persistent issues of weak law enforcement against recalcitrant employers. The research concludes that a synergistic approach, combining the provision of pro bono legal assistance with targeted community-based legal literacy programs, is essential for addressing the justice gap experienced by PHK victims. The study recommends the formal establishment of a District-Level Legal Aid Task Force for Employment Disputes and the integration of labor rights education into local community development programs.

Fintech Optimization and Digital Financial Literacy in UMKM Empowerment: A Community Service Study for Financial Inclusion in the Society 5.0 Era.

Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) play a crucial role in Indonesia’s economy, contributing 61.9% to GDP and 97% to national employment. However, their digital transformation is hindered by low fintech adoption and limited digital financial literacy. This study evaluates a community service program aimed at enhancing fintech utilization and digital financial literacy among UMKM in five regencies of East Java. Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design, 240 participants were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Data were collected through validated questionnaires measuring fintech adoption index (FAI), digital financial literacy index (DFLI), and business performance. The results show significant improvements in fintech adoption (21.4%, p < 0.001), digital financial literacy (18.7%, p < 0.001), and monthly revenue (17.3%, p < 0.01). These findings indicate that structured training integrating fintech and digital literacy effectively supports UMKM digital transformation and advances financial inclusion in the Society 5.0 era.

PROBLEMATIKA INTEGRASI MAZHAB FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

Thu, 30 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of schools in educational philosophy and their implications for Islamic education. This study uses a qualitative approach with the type of library research, which is sourced from books, scientific journals, and other relevant literature. The data was analyzed descriptively and comparatively to identify the differences, similarities, and contributions of each school. The results show that the philosophy of education is divided into two main tendencies, namely traditional (essentialism and perennialism) that emphasizes the stability of values and the dominant role of educators, and contemporary (progressivism, existentialism, and reconstructionalism) which is oriented towards individual freedom, learning experience, and social change. In the context of Islamic education, each school has its relevance as well as its limitations. Traditional schools are aligned with efforts to maintain basic Islamic values, while contemporary schools contribute to the development of more adaptive and contextual learning methods. However, the difference in paradigm between schools requires a proper selection and integration process so as not to conflict with Islamic principles. This study concludes that an integrative approach that combines traditional values with modern thinking becomes a strategic solution in the development of relevant, adaptive, and sustainable Islamic education.

Digital Transformation of Local MSMEs: Applying AI-Based Market Intelligence in Purwakarta (a Case Study at Ceramic Product)

Thu, 30 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This international community service program aims to support the digital transformation of local Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) by applying AI-based market intelligence, focusing on ceramic product MSMEs in Purwakarta, Indonesia. The program was conducted using a participatory approach through training, practical mentoring, and evaluation involving lecturers, students, international academic partners, and MSME actors. The main objective was to enhance MSME capabilities in understanding market trends, identifying customer segments, analyzing competitors, and developing digital marketing strategies using artificial intelligence tools. The results indicate that participants experienced significant improvement in their understanding of digital transformation, shifting from basic social media usage toward a more comprehensive approach involving data-driven decision-making and market analysis. Through practical sessions, participants were able to generate customer personas, product positioning strategies, digital promotional content, and product descriptions using AI tools. The program also encouraged MSMEs to develop more adaptive and customer-oriented marketing approaches, particularly in promoting ceramic products as both functional and creative goods. In addition, the activity demonstrated that AI-based market intelligence can be applied effectively by MSMEs when delivered through simple, contextual, and practice-oriented methods. Despite initial challenges related to digital literacy and familiarity with AI tools, participants showed strong interest in adopting these technologies for their business development. The study concludes that integrating AI into MSME marketing practices can enhance competitiveness and market responsiveness. Continuous mentoring and collaboration between academic institutions and MSMEs are essential to ensure sustainable digital transformation and long-term business growth.

STUDY OF CATECHIN CONCENTRATION FROM GAMBIER AND GREEN TEA ON THE EFFECT OF SUPPRESSING THE PROGRESS OF GROWTH OF Pseudomonas sp BACTERIA IN TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus)

Ronald Sohahau Manao, Reni Desmiarti, Suparno — Fri, 01 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Gambir and green tea hold functional compounds contained in the category of polyphenolic compounds, one component of which is catechins. Catechins have antimicrobial properties because they have the ability to break down microbial cell chambers or precipitate proteins. The microbe Pseudomanas sp is often found in tilapia with a high level of pathogenicity. This research aims to examine the effect of Gambir Catechin and Green Tea concentrations to suppress the growth of Pseudomonas sp tilapia bacteria. The research method applied is tabulation and descriptive method. The concentration of catechin compounds was modified by 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%. The results showed that the antimicrobial effect developed with an increase in the concentration of catechin compounds for catechin from gambier and green tea. This shows that there is a strong positive relationship between concentration and zone of inhibition and the catechin compounds of gambier and green tea have antimicrobial effects against Pseudomonas sp. The results of this research can be applied to develop tilapia aquaculture in the future.

Bilingual Training and Cultural Narrative Development for the Creative Economy of Balkondes Ngargogondo

Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This community service program aims to improve the basic skills of village-owned enterprise (BUMDes) homestay managers in the Borobudur area in writing and producing digital content as a community-based tourism branding strategy. The program will be held over four months (September–December 2025) and will involve 15 participants. The implementation method includes four training sessions and ten activities: bilingual training, local cultural history narrative training, content creation training, and videography and photography training. The ten activities are: Human Resource Observation and Mapping, Bilingual Public Service Simulation, Field Observation of Local Cultural and Historical Sites, Compiling Local Cultural History Narratives, Producing Promotional and Cultural Content, Publication and Social Media Management, Field Photo Shoots, Field Documentation, Short Profile Video Production, and Work Exhibitions and Presentations. The results of the community service program indicate that the integration of bilingual training, cultural narrative training, content creation, and videography and photography training effectively increased participants' knowledge, technical skills, confidence, and cultural awareness within the context of service delivery and tourism village promotion. Such training can also be used as an effective and sustainable strategy to increase the competitiveness of community-based creative economies in tourism villages.

Pregnant Women's Health Education About Exclusive Breastfeeding For Babies In Aek Haruaya Village, Sub-District Portibi, North Padang Lawas Regency In 2026

Ica Fauziah Harahap, Riska Yanti, Rina Marlina Hutasuhut — Fri, 22 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Exclusive breastfeeding is breast milk given to babies from birth for six months without adding and/or replacing it with other foods or drinks. The initial phase in the life cycle which is a critical period for nutritional management is the infant phase. In this phase, very rapid growth and development occur, requiring high nutritional needs. Malnutrition disorders that occur in the infant phase can be permanent and cannot be recovered even if subsequent nutritional needs are met. This research is an analytical survey using a cross-sectional design. This community service activity was carried out in Aek Haruaya Village, Portibi District, North Padang Lawas Regency in 2026. The target of this activity was 39 pregnant women domiciled in Aek Haruaya Village. It is hoped that after this activity, pregnant women's knowledge about Exclusive Breastfeeding will increase, thereby increasing the coverage of Exclusive Breastfeeding, especially in the Aek Haruaya Village area.

Optimization of Combustion Chamber Geometry for Reducing NOx Emissions in a Diesel Engine Fueled with B20 Biodiesel Blend

Rahmad Rahmad — Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The adoption of B20 biodiesel blends in Indonesia’s diesel fleet is a strategic measure to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, yet it often elevates nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions due to the fuel-bound oxygen and altered combustion phasing. This study presents a comprehensive numerical and experimental investigation aimed at optimizing the combustion chamber geometry of a 2.5 L turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine to mitigate NOx formation while maintaining engine performance with B20. A parametric design of experiments incorporating bowl diameter, bowl depth, squish clearance, and re-entrant ratio was constructed using a central composite design. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations, validated by in-cylinder pressure and emission measurements, were performed for 30 distinct piston bowl configurations. Response surface methodology and a multi-objective genetic algorithm were employed to minimize NOx and soot emissions while limiting fuel consumption penalty. The optimal geometry—characterized by an enlarged bowl diameter (53.2 mm), a shallower bowl depth (17.8 mm), a reduced squish height (1.1 mm), and a mild re-entrant profile (ratio 0.72)—achieved a 34.2% reduction in NOx (from 4.82 to 3.17 g/kWh) compared to the baseline piston, with a moderate soot increase from 9.8 to 12.3 mg/kWh and a specific fuel consumption rise of only 1.4%. The improvement is primarily attributed to enhanced premixed combustion, lower peak temperatures, and a more homogeneous equivalence ratio distribution. The results confirm that tailored piston bowl optimization is a viable, cost-effective pathway for NOx compliance in B20-fuelled engines under Indonesian operating conditions

Empowering Rural Teachers Through Digital Literacy Training: A Community Service Initiative to Bridge the Technological Gap in Elementary Schools

Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The persistent urban–rural digital divide in Indonesia severely limits the quality of technology-enhanced learning in elementary schools. This study evaluates a community service initiative that provided a structured digital literacy training programme to 60 rural elementary teachers in West Java. Employing a one-group pretest–posttest quantitative design, the investigation measured teachers’ digital literacy competence before and after a five-day intensive workshop followed by four weeks of online mentoring, using a validated 30-item Digital Literacy Competence Scale grounded in the DigCompEdu framework. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, paired-samples t‑test, Cohen’s d effect size, and hierarchical multiple regression. The results demonstrate a substantial and statistically significant improvement in overall digital literacy, with a very large effect size (d = 2.39). All six digital competence sub-domains increased significantly, although content creation displayed the smallest gain. Hierarchical regression revealed that pretest scores, younger age, and prior ICT training were significant positive predictors of post-training competence, whereas years of teaching experience and school infrastructure were not. Perceived barriers such as unreliable internet connectivity and device scarcity remained high despite the intervention. The findings confirm that intensive, community-based digital literacy training can dramatically enhance rural teachers’ digital competence, yet they also highlight the necessity of addressing systemic infrastructure gaps. Implications for teacher professional development policy and community service design are discussed, together with study limitations and directions for future research

Analysis Of The Determinants Of Economic Growth In Madura Island

Nadya Aura Wulan Savitri, Mohammad Wahed — Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Regional economic growth is a fundamenal indicator in assessing development performance and community welfare. Madura Island, as part of East Java Province, continues to record a relatively lower level of economic growth compared to other regions. This study aimed to analyze the effects of Local Own-Source Revenue, Intergovernmental Transfers, Capital Expenditure, and Household Consumption on economic growth in Madura Island. This study uses a quantitative method based on secondary data obtained for the period 2020–2024 across four regencies in Madura Island, namely Bangkalan, Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep. Panel data regression is used as the analytical method. The results show that, partially, Local Own-Source Revenue was found to have no significant influence on economic growth in Madura, while Intergovernmental Transfers, Capital Expenditure, and Household Consumption have positive and significant effects. These findings indicate that economic growth in Madura Island remains dependent on central government transfers, the effectiveness of development expenditure, and household purchasing power, while the role of local revenue has not yet been optimal.

Humanism Perspective in Differentiated Learning in Elementary Schools: Systematic Literature Review

Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Differentiated learning emerges as a strategic response to the diversity of student characteristics in elementary schools, particularly within the framework of the Merdeka Curriculum in Indonesia. The humanistic perspective offers a relevant philosophical foundation because it places students at the center of the learning process and recognizes the uniqueness of each learner. This study aims to analyze how the humanistic perspective contributes to the implementation of differentiated learning in elementary schools through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The study employs the SLR method following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines through systematic identification, screening, and synthesis of literature. Literature was searched in databases such as Google Scholar, SINTA, and reputable international journals within the publication range of 2010 to 2025. From 84 identified articles, 16 articles met the inclusion criteria and were further analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that the humanistic perspective, especially the theories of Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, provides essential philosophical foundations for differentiated learning by emphasizing self-actualization, freedom to learn, empathy, and the recognition of individual differences. The integration of humanistic principles strengthens the three dimensions of differentiation, namely content, process, and product, by ensuring that learning activities respond to students' readiness, interests, and learning profiles. Furthermore, the implementation of humanistic values in differentiated learning enhances students' learning motivation, engagement, self-confidence, and holistic development. Therefore, the humanistic perspective plays a strategic role as a conceptual basis for designing meaningful, contextual, and learner centered differentiated instruction in elementary schools.

PSM Mengajar Community Service Program: Strengthening Children’s Basic Literacy and Numeracy at Ransel Book

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This community service program was implemented through PSM Mengajar, a non-formal learning activity conducted in collaboration between the author and the Student Choir Activity Unit (UKM Paduan Suara Mahasiswa) of Universitas Palangka Raya. This activity was carried out as a form of student contribution to supporting children’s education through a community-based learning space. The partner of this activity was Rumah Belajar dan Membaca Ransel Buku, located in Petuk Ketimpun, Jekan Raya District, Palangka Raya City. The program was conducted offline in four meetings on October 4, 11, and 25, and November 1, 2025. The target participants were 31 elementary school-aged children. The learning materials were arranged progressively, namely coloring in the first meeting, reading in the second meeting, writing in the third meeting, and arithmetic in the fourth meeting. Each meeting included ice-breaking activities such as singing and simple games to create an enjoyable learning atmosphere. The evaluation was conducted through documentation, facilitator notes, and internal committee reflection on the implementation process. This program indicates that community service based on student organizations can serve as a means of strengthening children’s literacy, numeracy, and creativity, as well as a social learning space for students to develop care, communication skills, and teaching experience in the community.

Health Education for Pregnant Women on Exclusive Breastfeeding in Aek Haruaya Village

Ica Fauziah Harahap, Riska Yanti, Rina Marlina Hutasuhut — Fri, 05 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life is a critical public health strategy to ensure optimal growth, development, and survival of infants, yet coverage in Indonesia remains below global targets. Pregnant women are a strategic target group for breastfeeding counseling because knowledge, attitudes, and social support formed during pregnancy strongly influence later feeding practices. This analytical survey with a cross-sectional design was conducted as part of a community-based health education program in Aek Haruaya Village, Portibi District, North Padang Lawas Regency, Indonesia, in 2026. A total of 39 pregnant women participated in a structured counseling session on the definition, benefits, and correct practice of exclusive breastfeeding, followed by an assessment of maternal knowledge. Post-education, 51% of respondents demonstrated good knowledge and 49% demonstrated sufficient knowledge regarding exclusive breastfeeding, indicating that most participants reached at least a moderate level of understanding. The activity was well received and highlighted persistent gaps in prior exposure to breastfeeding education among pregnant women in the village. The findings support integrating systematic health education on exclusive breastfeeding into routine antenatal services in rural areas to strengthen mothers’ knowledge and contribute to increasing exclusive breastfeeding coverage.

Grade 2 Students Perception Of Mathematics Learning

Tue, 09 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to describe the perception of grade 2 elementary school students towards mathematics learning from the cognitive, affective, and conative dimensions. The research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. The subject of the study was a grade 2 student at a public elementary school in West Lombok Regency. Data collection techniques were carried out through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and student perception questionnaires. The data was analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that most students have a positive perception of mathematics learning if the material is delivered in a concrete, contextual, and fun manner. On the cognitive dimension, students understand mathematics as a useful subject in everyday life, although some of the material is still considered difficult. In the affective dimension, students show a sense of joy when learning using games and interesting media, but some students still experience anxiety when facing problems that are considered complicated. In the conative dimension, students with positive perceptions tend to be more active in learning mathematics. Factors that affect student perception include teachers' teaching methods, the use of learning media, and family support. The findings of the study confirm the importance of learning mathematics that is concrete, interactive, and in accordance with the developmental characteristics of elementary school students in the lower grades.