The Relationship Between Body Image and Eating Patterns with Nutritional Status in Adolescent Women in Village II, Bakaran Village Stone Batang Kuis District

ABSTRACT


INTRODUCTION
Adolescence is a developmental transitional age from childhood to adulthood, ages between 10-24 years etymologically, youth means, "growing into adulthood" definition of youth (adolescence) according to the World Health Organization (WHO) is the age period between 10-19 years while the United Nations (UN) mentions youth (youth) for ages between 15 to 24 years.Meanwhile, according to The Health Resources and Services Administration Guidelines of the United States, the age range of adolescents is 11-12 years and is divided into three stages, namely early adolescence (11-14 years), middle adolescence (15)(16)(17), and late adolescence (11-14 years).

18-21 years)
The most common nutritional problem in adolescents is a lack of nutritional intake which results in malnutrition, namely being too thin and can get anemia due to iron deficiency.In addition, the nutritional problems that often arise are excess nutrient intake which can lead to obesity.Obesity is a serious threat to health, the condition of obesity will bring several consequences, such as discrimination from friends, negative self-image, lack of social skills and depression.
Diet is a factor that directly influences nutritional status.Diet can be judged directly from the quantity and quality of dishes eaten.However, eating patterns are formed very closely related to eating habits, a balanced diet and the selection of the right ingredients.Young women are often affected by unhealthy eating patterns, they want drastic weight loss by going on a strict diet even to the point of disrupting eating patterns.A balanced diet that is in accordance with the needs accompanied by the selection of the right food ingredients will produce good nutritional status.Food intake that exceeds body weight requirements and other diseases are caused by excess nutrients.
Based on data from Basic Health Research in 2013, the prevalence of thin adolescents is relatively the same, while obesity has increased.Nationally, the prevalence of wasting in adolescents aged 16-18 years is 9.4% (1.9% is very thin and 7.5% is thin).The prevalence of obesity in adolescents aged 16-18 years is 7.3%, consisting of 5.7% being fat and 1.6% being obese.In more detail, the prevalence of thin adolescents was relatively the same in 2007 and 2013, and the prevalence of very thin increased by 0.4%.On the other hand, the prevalence of obesity increased from 1.4% (2007) to 7.3% of people Based on the results of research conducted by Savitri, entitled The Relationship between Body Image and Eating Behavior with Nutritional Status in Young Girls at SMA Negeri 104 Jakarta, 2019 The results of the analysis show that body image (p=0.000),eating behavior restraint eating (p=0.002), and external eating (p=0.033) has a relationship to the nutritional status of young women (p<0.05) and there is no relationship between emotional eating (p=0.353) and nutritional status The results of a survey conducted in Hamlet II, Bakaran Batu Village, Batang Kuis, Deli Serdang Regency in 2021 on February 5, 2021, found 10 young women whose eating patterns were irregular, namely not having breakfast, skipping lunch/dinner or not eating all day with the aim of diet to get a slim body, From the survey there were teenagers who complained of not being confident with their appearance because they were overweight and found it difficult to accept when teenagers were criticized by others, as a result teenagers tried to find solutions by making changes such as changing the frequency of food and the amount of food eaten consumed with the aim of losing weight so as to make nutrition worse.
Based on the description above, the researcher is interested in conducting research in Hamlet II, Bakaran Batu Village, Batang Kuis.Researchers will conduct research on "The relationship between body image and eating patterns with nutritional status in Hamlet II, Bakaran Batu Village, Sub-District of Batang Kuis

Participants and settings
The population is the entire research object under study.The population in this study were all young women, totaling 68 people in Hamlet II, Bakaran Batu Village, Batang Kuis District.

Instrument
In carrying out this research, researchers used aspects of measurement in the form of questionnaires that had been prepared by researchers.Based on the relationship between body image and diet and nutritional status of young women in Hamlet III, Bakaran Batu Village, Batang Kuis District, 2021.This questionnaire consists of 18 questions where the measurement is assessed from the percentage of young women in answering the questions.a. Nutritional status Research on nutritional status using weight and height scales.2) Bivariate analysis If the univariate analysis has been carried out, the results will know the characteristics or distribution of each variable, and bivariate analysis can be continued which is carried out on two variables that are suspected to be related or correlated if the value ɑ < 0.05 means there is a significant relationship, if the value ɑ > 0, 05 means that there is no relationship between one variable and another variable.All data is input into the application.

Results
The results of the research on "The Relationship between Body Image and Diet with Nutritional Status in Young Women in Hamlet II, Bakaran Batu Village, Batang Kuis District" obtained the following results

Discussion
Based on the findings of the research results, the discussion can be described as follows: The emergence of nutritional problems in adolescents is basically due to wrong nutritional behavior, namely an imbalance between nutrient consumption and recommended nutritional adequacy.If nutrient consumption is always less than adequate, a person will experience malnutrition.Conversely, if consuming more than adequacy will suffer from excess nutrition and obesity.According to Ratih Hariani 2020 "The Relationship between Eating Behavior and Nutritional Status in Young Girls at SMAN2 Tambang" it is known that 71 respondents with normal nutritional status are 44 people (61.97%) and respondents with abnormal nutritional status are 27 people (38.03).%).This is caused by an unbalanced diet, eating habits, nutritional adequacy of adolescents will be fulfilled with a diverse and balanced diet, modification of the menu for the type of processed food by paying attention to the amount and according to nutritional needs at the age of adolescents who really need nutritious food.Body image is a picture of a person's body both seen by himself and by others.However, other people's judgments or perceptions of the social environment regarding body image are more considered as an ideal assessment (trend).Negative body image is a serious problem that can affect mental health, eating behavior and limited physical activity According to Ratna Verawati 2015 "The Relationship Between Body Image and Diet and Nutritional Status of Young Girls at SMP AL ISLAM 1 Surakarta".It is known that of the 60 respondents, the majority of negative body images were 25 respondents 41.7% and a minority of positive body images were 35 (58.3).This is due to the activities or activities of teenagers who do not have time to eat regularly and there are teenagers who have a negative body image that affects eating patterns, teenagers tend to limit food consumption because of dissatisfaction with their body shape Increased activity, social life and busyness in adolescents will affect their eating habits.Food consumption patterns are often irregular, often snacking, often skipping breakfast and not having lunch at all.They are often too strict in regulating their diet in maintaining their appearance, which can lead to nutritional deficiencies.
According to Yusinta happy 2019 "The Relationship between Body Image and Consumption Patterns and Nutritional Status of Young Girls at SMPN 12 Semarang" it can be seen that as many as 59 (90.8%) grade VIII students at SMP Negeri 12 Semarang have poor consumption patterns.Meanwhile, 6 students (9.2%) of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Semarang had a good consumption pattern.This is because adolescents are not aware that their current eating habits can have a major effect on their health status, many adolescents expect to lose weight quickly through a strict diet but are not adapted to the nutrition they need.
The results of the analysis of the relationship between body image and nutritional status show that the statistical test results obtained an Odd Ratio (OR) value = 14,222.95%CI = 3,155 -64,112 and a P value of 0,000 <0.05, which means that there is a significant relationship between body image and nutritional status in teenage girl.The results of the analysis of the relationship between diet and nutritional status show that the statistical test results obtained an Odds Ration (OR) value = 8.571.95%CI = 2.059 -35.683 and a P. value of 0.004 <0.05, which means that there is a significant relationship between diet and nutritional status in young women.A balanced diet, which is in accordance with the needs along with the selection of the right food ingredients will give birth to good nutritional status.Food intake that exceeds the body's needs will cause overweight and other diseases caused by excess nutrition.Conversely, food intake less than needed will cause the body to become thin and susceptible to disease.Both conditions are equally bad, so it is called malnutrition.
Malnutrition due to lack of food and underweight is something that often occurs in various regions or poor countries, on the other hand, malnutrition due to excessive consumption of nutrients is a new phenomenon that is becoming more and more widespread.above, namely the emergence of obesity in adolescents.Dissatisfaction with body shape in adolescents by considering their bodies too fat makes adolescents make efforts to lose weight in the wrong way, so that this will affect their nutritional status.The dissatisfaction is due to feeling that the body is too fat and does not match the size of the body so that it looks disproportionate.
[9]ancedIf the respondent answers questions 6-10 questions with a percentage of > 50-100%.Procedure carried out by means of Univariate and Bivariate by presenting the data that has been collected in the frequency distribution table.Data analysis is continued by discussing the results of research using library theory.Procedure carried out by means of Univariate and Bivariate by presenting the data that has been collected in the frequency distribution table.Data analysis is continued by discussing the results of research using library theory.1)Univariate Analysis (Descriptive Analysis) Aims to explain or describe the characteristics of each research variable[9]

The Relationship between Diet and Nutritional Status in Young Women in Hamlet II, Bakaran Batu Village, Batang Kuis DistrictTable 2 .
Diet and Nutritional Status