Submissions

Author Guidelines

SUBMISSION PREPARATION CHECKLIST

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items. Submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

• The paper has not been published and is not under review or in the process of submission for publication elsewhere, and does not contain elements of plagiarism. A written statement of originality from the author(s) is enclosed.
• The length of the paper is at least 4,000 words and does not exceed 8,000 words, including drawings, graphs/tables (if any) and references.
• The abstract is written in English, between 150–250 words, as a single paragraph.
• The paper is submitted in Ms. Word format, prepared using the journal's official template.
• The manuscript's similarity index has been checked and does not exceed the threshold set by the editorial board.
• The author has read and agrees to the journal's publication ethics and (if applicable) publication fee policy.
• The article is submitted using the submission form available on the journal's official submission system. 

AUTHOR GUIDLINES

General Author Guidelines

1. All contributors (authors) who wish to submit their articles to this journal should follow the guidelines below.
2. The objective of the journal's publication is to increase the quality of science and enhance the dissemination of knowledge among academicians, students, practitioners, and other interested parties. The editors welcome original research articles, conceptual analyses, and literature reviews within the journal's scope.
3. All submitted articles undergo a blind peer-review process. Manuscripts are first checked for compliance with the required writing format; manuscripts that do not comply are returned to the authors for revision before being forwarded to reviewers. Reviewers evaluate the appropriateness of the topic, the relevance of the research method, the significance and contribution to the field, and the proportion of up-to-date references. Reviewers' decisions (accept, minor/major revision, or reject, with comments) are final.
4. The journal uses anti-plagiarism software (e.g., Turnitin or iThenticate) to check the originality of every submitted manuscript; manuscripts with a similarity index above the threshold set by the editorial board will not be processed further.
5. Authors confirm that their article is original, has not been published or simultaneously submitted elsewhere, take full responsibility for compliance with publication ethics (including authorship, data integrity, and citation practices), and acknowledge that accepted articles cannot be withdrawn after the review process has begun.
6. Manuscripts must be submitted through the journal's official online submission system, accompanied by a signed author statement (originality and no conflict of interest) where required by the editorial board.
7. Manuscripts must be prepared according to the following Manuscript Preparation Guidelines and the journal's official writing template.

Manuscript Format

Articles must follow the official manuscript template provided by the journal. The required format is as follows:

• Font: Times New Roman, 11–12 pt
• Page size: A4
• Margins: top and bottom 1 inch (2.54 cm); left and right approximately 0.7 inch (1.78 cm), following the dimensions set in the official template
• Page numbers are placed at the bottom of the page
• Quotations, figures, or tables must show the source and year. For book sources, the author, year, and page number must be stated consistently with the reference list
• Table numbers and titles are placed above the table; figure numbers and titles are placed below the figure. The source of tables and figures must be stated underneath

Authors are strongly advised to write directly using the official template file to avoid formatting discrepancies during the review process.

Manuscript Preparation Guidelines

Structure of the manuscripts

Title. The title should reflect the content of the article, written in a maximum of 16–20 words, and should not include the year of research or uncommon abbreviations. The main ideas should be written first, followed by their explanations.

Author's names and institutions. The author's names should be accompanied by the author's institution, institution address, and email address, without academic or job titles. The corresponding author's email and telephone number must be stated separately. Authors are strongly encouraged to include their ORCID iD.

Abstract. The abstract must be written as a single, continuous paragraph between 150–250 words, without section labels, subheadings, or bullet points. The abstract should flow through six elements in order: background and significance of the topic; the specific problem/research question; the research method and data used; the key findings; and the theoretical/methodological/empirical contribution, ending with the main conclusion and implication. Methods and findings are written in the past tense; conclusions and contributions are written in the present tense.

Keywords. List three to five pertinent keywords specific to the article, placed directly underneath the abstract; yet reasonably common within the subject discipline; use lower case except for proper names.

Introduction. The introduction should be approximately one to two pages, written without subheadings, bullet points, or numbering. It must cover: (1) recognition of the problem and its significance; (2) clear identification of the problem and the research question(s); (3) the complexity of the problem; and (4) clear research objectives. A Novelty Statement is mandatory and must appear at the end of the Introduction, immediately before the statement of research objectives, explicitly identifying the literature gap addressed by the study and what distinguishes it from prior research, written in one to two concise sentences.

Method. The Method section must clearly state the research approach used (quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods, or literature review) and should typically include the following sub-sections: Research Type; Population and Sample/Informants; Research Location; Instrumentation or Tools; Data Collection Procedure; Data Analysis; and Ethical Approval (mandatory where the study involves human subjects, and otherwise stated as not applicable).

Results. The Results section presents the key empirical findings of the study, supported where relevant by processed (not raw) tables or figures. Table titles are placed above the table; the data source is stated underneath.

Discussion. The Discussion section interprets the findings in the context of existing research and should typically address: interpretation of key findings; comparison with previous studies; limitations and cautions of the study; and recommendations for future research.

Conclusion. The conclusion reflects the essence of the research, restating the objectives, summarizing the main findings, and stating the practical or theoretical implications, followed by limitations and suggestions for future research, presented in paragraph form without numbering. An Academic Contribution statement is mandatory within the Conclusion section, positioned after the main conclusions and before the limitations paragraph, explaining in two to three sentences how the study's findings extend, challenge, or enrich existing theory, methodology, or empirical knowledge.

Author Contribution Statement. Authors must explicitly describe each author's individual contribution to the research and manuscript development. Journals are encouraged to adopt a standardized taxonomy such as CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) to ensure consistency and transparency regarding each author's role.

Conflicts of Interest. Declare any conflicts of interest, or state “The authors declare no conflict of interest.” Authors must identify and declare any personal circumstances or interests that may be perceived as inappropriately influencing the representation or interpretation of reported research results.

Source of Funding Statement. Authors must declare the source(s) of financial support for the research, including grant/contract numbers and funding agencies, and confirm that the funding agency had no involvement in the design, execution, analysis, interpretation, or manuscript preparation. If the research was self-funded, this should be explicitly stated.

Acknowledgments. A brief expression of gratitude to individuals, organizations, or institutions that supported the research or publication process but do not meet the criteria for authorship. This may include administrative and technical support, or donations in kind.

References. The literature listed in the References contains only the sources cited in the article. References must follow the American Psychological Association (APA) 7th edition style, preferably managed using a reference management software such as Mendeley, EndNote, or Zotero to avoid typing mistakes and duplicated references. A minimum of 30 references is required, with at least 80% consisting of journal articles, and primarily drawn from publications within the past 10 years.

Tables and Figures

Tables should be presented in processed and summarized form (not raw output) and placed within the text where size permits; oversized tables should be placed in the Appendices. Table titles are typed above the table. Figure titles are typed below the figure. The source of all tables and figures must be stated underneath.

Appendices

Appendices may include research instruments, supporting data, pictures, or other materials that support the article and assist readers in understanding the research.