The Effect of Administering Kelor Flower (Moringa Oleifera) Extract on Reducing Cholesterol Levels and Histopathological Features of The Testis of White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Male Wistar Strain Obesity
Keywords:
Kelor Flower, Cholesterol Level, Testicular Function, ObesityAbstract
Obesity and high cholesterol levels have garnered clinical attention for male infertility. The numerous compounds in Kelor flowers or Moringa make it a potential cholesterol medication. The research data were analyzed using SPSS, and the study was conducted as a true experiment using test animal samples of twenty-four male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). The purpose of this study was to examine the histopathological features of obese male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) and to determine whether or not the administration of Kelor flower extract (Moringa ternatea) reduced cholesterol levels and improved testicular function. Obese white Wistar rats had their total cholesterol levels decreased by 400 mg/kgBW and 600 mg/kgBW of Kelor flower extract, respectively, according to the study's results. The group that received 600 mg/kgBW of Kelor flower extract showed the most improvement and was the most similar to the control group in testicular histopathology studies. The substances found in Kelor or Moringa flowers have been found to improve testicular function and lower total cholesterol levels in people who suffer from obesity, according to the research.
Downloads
References
K. D. Hall et al., “The energy balance model of obesity: beyond calories in, calories out,” Am. J. Clin. Nutr., vol. 115, no. 5, pp. 1243–1254, 2022.
W. Rahoui, H. Merzouk, I. A. El Haci, R. Bettioui, R. Azzi, and M. Benali, “Beneficial effects of Aloe vera gel on lipid profile, lipase activities and oxidant/antioxidant status in obese rats,” J. Funct. Foods, vol. 48, pp. 525–532, Sep. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.050.
J. Upadhyay, O. Farr, N. Perakakis, W. Ghaly, and C. Mantzoros, “Obesity as a Disease,” Med. Clin. North Am., vol. 102, no. 1, pp. 13–33, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2017.08.004.
World Health Organization, “Obesity and overweight,” World Health Organization. Accessed: Oct. 21, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
G. Roglic, “WHO Global report on diabetes: A summary,” Int. J. Noncommunicable Dis., vol. 1, no. 1, p. 3, 2016, doi: 10.4103/2468-8827.184853.
B. Hugh Waters and M. Graf, “America’s Obesity Crisis The Health And Economic Costs Of Excess Weight,” 2018.
J. R. Craig, T. G. Jenkins, D. T. Carrell, and J. M. Hotaling, “Obesity, male infertility, and the sperm epigenome,” Fertil. Steril., vol. 107, no. 4, pp. 848–859, Apr. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.02.115.
A. Agarwal, A. Mulgund, A. Hamada, and M. R. Chyatte, “A unique view on male infertility around the globe,” Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol., vol. 13, no. 1, p. 37, Dec. 2015, doi: 10.1186/s12958-015-0032-1.
N. Kumar and A. Singh, “Trends of male factor infertility, an important cause of infertility: A review of literature,” J. Hum. Reprod. Sci., vol. 8, no. 4, p. 191, 2015, doi: 10.4103/0974-1208.170370.
S. Dutta, P. Sengupta, P. Slama, and S. Roychoudhury, “Oxidative Stress, Testicular Inflammatory Pathways, and Male Reproduction,” Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 22, no. 18, p. 10043, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.3390/ijms221810043.
J. M. N. Duffy et al., “Top 10 priorities for future infertility research: an international consensus development study,” Hum. Reprod., vol. 35, no. 12, pp. 2715–2724, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1093/HUMREP/DEAA242.
G. Cito et al., “Redox status assessment in infertile patients with non‐obstructive azoospermia undergoing testicular sperm extraction: A prospective study,” Andrology, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 364–371, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1111/andr.12721.
M. Assi, “The differential role of reactive oxygen species in early and late stages of cancer,” Am. J. Physiol. - Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., vol. 313, no. 6, pp. R646–R653, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1152/AJPREGU.00247.2017/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/ZH60101793480002.JPEG.
A. Asadi, R. Ghahremani, A. Abdolmaleki, and F. Rajaei, “Role of sperm apoptosis and oxidative stress in male infertility: A narrative review,” Int. J. Reprod. Biomed., Jul. 2021, doi: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i6.9371.
T. Mikami et al., “Olive leaf extract prevents obesity, cognitive decline, and depression and improves exercise capacity in mice,” Sci. Rep., vol. 11, no. 1, p. 12495, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-90589-6.
T. E. Guon and H. S. Chung, “Moringa oleifera fruit induce apoptosis via reactive oxygen species-dependent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in human melanoma A2058 cells,” Oncol. Lett., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 1703–1710, Aug. 2017, doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.6288.
A. Anzano et al., “Moringa oleifera Lam.: A Phytochemical and Pharmacological Overview,” Horticulturae, vol. 7, no. 10, p. 409, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.3390/horticulturae7100409.
J. S. Aprioku and P. O. Onyenaturuchi, “Comparative Phytochemical Analysis Of Moringa Oleifera (Moringaceae) Extracts And Reproductive Effects Of The Aqueous Leaf, Seed And Bark Extracts In Rats *Corresponding Author,” Aprioku al. World J. Pharm. Res. World J. Pharm. Res. SJIF Impact Factor, vol. 7, no. 9, pp. 42–54, 2018, doi: 10.20959/wjpr20189-11993.
B. K. Paikra, H. K. J. Dhongade, and B. Gidwani, “Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Moringa oleifera Lam,” J. Pharmacopuncture, vol. 20, no. 3, p. 194, Sep. 2017, doi: 10.3831/KPI.2017.20.022.
C. Wasonowati, E. Sulistyaningsih, D. Indradewa, and B. Kurniasih, “Morphophysiology and the yield of two types of moringa ( Moringa oleifera) cultivated in two different regions in Madura,” IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 250, p. 012004, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/250/1/012004.
S. Notoatmodjo, Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan, 3rd ed. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2022.
D. Qosimah, D. E. Aryani, M. A. G. Beltran, and A. Aulanni’am, “Diabetes sepsis on Wistar rat strain (Rattus norvegicus) induced by streptozotocin and bacteria Staphylococcus aureus,” Vet. World, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 849–854, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.849-854.
B. Suwarno and A. Nugroho, Kumpulan Variabel-Variabel Penelitian Manajemen Pemasaran (Definisi & Artikel Publikasi), 1st ed. Bogor: Halaman Moeka Publishing, 2023.
I. Ghozali, Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 25. Semarang, 2018.
O. O. Kayode, “Diet and obesity,” Psychol. Pathophysiol. outcomes Eat., p. 237, 2021.
M. P. Hermans and P. Valensi, “Elevated triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level as marker of very high risk in type 2 diabetes,” Curr. Opin. Endocrinol. Diabetes Obes., vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 118–129, Apr. 2018, doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000398.
T. Huff, B. Boyd, and I. Jialal, Physiology, Cholesterol. Creighton University School of Medicine: StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL), 2023. [Online]. Available: http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/29262185
A. Ajantha, C. Kathirvelan, M. R. Purushothaman, and P. Visha, “Study on nutrients, mineral and vitamin profile of Moringa oleifera leaf meal,” Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci., vol. 5, pp. 2478–2481, 2018.
N. Nurazizah, A. I. Nabila, L. Adriani, T. Widjastuti, and D. Latipudin, “Kadar kolesterol, urea, kreatinin darah dan kolesterol telur ayam sentul dengan penambahan ekstrak buah mengkudu yang disuplementasi Cu dan Zn,” J. Nutr. Ternak Trop. dan Ilmu Pakan (Journal Trop. Anim. Nutr. Feed Sci., vol. 2, no. 1, 2020.
N. A. Kamarudin, N. Muhamad, N. N. H. N. Salleh, and S. C. Tan, “Impact of solvent selection on phytochemical content, recovery of tannin and antioxidant activity of quercus infectoria galls,” Pharmacogn. J., vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 1195–1204, 2021, doi: 10.5530/pj.2021.13.153.
Sri Wahyu, Andi Sitti Fahirah Arsal, and Indah Chintya Maharani, “Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Kelor ( Moringa Oleifera) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol Total pada Tikus Putih ( Rattus Novergicus),” Green Med. J., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 97–110, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.33096/gmj.v1i1.24.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2024 Antje Irmella Tarigan, Muhammad Andi Irawan, Siti Aisyah Dalimunthe
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
