Developing Narrative Writing Teaching Material through Probable Passage Strategy at Class IX-C Students

Abstract

This research aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of narrative writing teaching materials using the Probable Passage Strategy for ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Sirombu. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) design based on the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), the study involved 26 students selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected through expert validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and pre-test/post-test assessments. The findings revealed that the developed module was validated as appropriate in terms of content, language, presentation, and visual design. Student responses were highly positive, with average agreement rates exceeding 85% across all indicators. The effectiveness of the module was demonstrated by a significant improvement in students' writing scores, from a pre-test mean of 42.3 to a post-test mean of 78.7, representing an 86.1% increase. The Probable Passage Strategy proved particularly effective in helping students generate ideas, organize story structures, and develop confidence in narrative writing. This study concludes that the developed teaching material is valid, practical, and effective for enhancing narrative writing skills in EFL contexts